Paper Summary

Broadband seismic data is data that is rich in both low and high frequencies. High frequencies increase temporal resolution, and low frequencies reduce the side lobes of the wavelet. Bandwidth, a measure of broadband data, is defined as the difference between the upper and lower frequencies in a continuous set of frequencies. It is often defined in octaves: two frequencies are one octave apart if they have a ratio of two. A standard goal in broadband processing is to achieve six octaves of bandwidth of seismic data: interference between the source pulse and reflections from the water surface - "ghosts" - and the "earth filter," which attenuates high  frequencies in the wavefield as it travels through the subsurface.