IDM is a velocity model building technique in which geological information and interpretation are used as constraints to a horizon-based tomographic update.

The integration of geological interpretation and seismic tomography enables a detailed velocity model to be derived, particularly in regions of rapid lateral velocity changes, such as fault shadow zones and areas of karst tomography.

Jun Cai, Hao Xun, Li Li, Yang He, Zhiming Li, Shuqian Dong, Manhong Guo, and Bin Wang (2011) Detailed velocity model building in a carbonate karst zone and improving sub‐karst images in the Gulf of Mexico. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2011: pp. 4030-4034.

Gary Rodriguez, Ashley Lundy, Matt Hart, Carl Lang, James Cai, Itze Chang, and Qingsheng Zhang (2011) Imaging the Hoop Fault complex via horizon and fault constrained tomography. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2011: pp. 4025-4029.

Taejong Kim, Boedi Soelistijo, Guy Hilburn, Purnima Bhowmik, Darrell Armentrout, Zhiqiang Guo, and Aravind Nangarla (2018) A case study: Geologically guided tomography to improve image below the Aptian unconformity, offshore Gambia. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2018: pp. 4463-4467.

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Before PSDM
Kirchhoff-PSDM-1-before
After PSDM
Kirchhoff-PSDM-2-after

Kirchhoff PSDM before (left) and after (right) velocity model update with karst modeling and horizon driven tomography