Angle-Domain Common-Image gather (ADCIG)

Method 1: 

Angles are obtained directly through calculation of the propagation directions for the forward propagated waves from sources and the backward propagated waves from receivers. The wave fields are separated into up- and down-going components before estimating the directions, and an optical flow method is applied to improve the direction estimation accuracy compared to the conventional Poynting vector method. We also have the option to use structural dip obtained from stacked migration images to replace the wave propagation direction computation for the receiver side, which is typically less robust in noisy areas.

Method 2: 

TGS RTM angle gathers are obtained through mapping of shot-based partial images based on source-side propagation directions, which can be calculated by the Poynting vector, or ray tracing, method. The advantages of this method are efficiency and accuracy for smooth sediment areas, while it may lack accuracy in some complex areas such as subsalt, and also suffers from an inability to handle multiple arrivals.

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