A Diverse Approach to CO2 Mapping & Monitoring Solutions | TGS Carbon

Advanced Streamer Seismic: Multi-sensor broadband seismic data acquisition, imaging, and precise characterization for cost-effective CCS planning and monitoring
Ocean Bottom Nodes (OBN): Combine resolution with insight and repeatability with a combination of high-resolution seismic sources and ocean bottom sensors.
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)/Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP): Vertical-in-well fiber optics will get you as close as possible to the target for on-demand repeatability.
Ultra-High Resolution 3D (UHR3D) Seismic: Get an unrivaled image of the overburden and plume at the detail you need.

The Methodology

TGS’ seven-step Measurement, Monitoring and Verification (MMV) methodology begins with a robust baseline subsurface understanding of the storage site, establishing a risk-based monitoring framework aligned with project objectives. This structured approach supports accurate, cost-effective and repeatable tracking of CO₂ behavior throughout the storage lifecycle.

By detecting potential changes early, operators gain the insight needed to respond effectively, reduce uncertainty and maintain confidence in long-term storage performance.

DAS VSP Monitoring
UHR3D

DAS VSP Monitoring

DAS-VSP Example TGS - 50pc

DAS least-squares joint imaging of multiples and primaries (synthetic example SEAM 1 model). When utilizing sea surface down-going multiples the imaging area around a vertical optical fiber increases (5 km radius here). Local geology determines area imaged, in most cases, it will image the area of a CO₂ plume after 25-year injection.

Leveraging Fiber Optic Technology

TGS seismic imaging supports cost-effective 4D CO₂ “in well” or "on seafloor” fiber optic monitoring solutions (DAS VSP). The resultant time-staggered datasets can cover the 4D needs for the injected CO₂ plume for two decades or more, reducing the cost of the overall monitoring program.

Reduces acquisition risk and delivers a robust 4D solution
Low cost and effective for life-of-well solution
Technology is already widely adopted within oil and gas

UHR3D

UHR3D

Ultra High-Resolution 3D (UHR3D)

Ultra High-Resolution 3D (UHR3D) seismic provides a flexible and repeatable solution for characterizing carbon storage sites and monitoring injected CO₂ through time-lapse 4D seismic. High-resolution imaging strengthens overburden assessment, supports early risk identification and provides greater confidence in long-term containment integrity.

Designed to enable geophysical early phase 3D mapping and 4D monitoring of injected CO₂
De-risk the overburden with enhanced imaging resolution
Pair with ocean bottom nodes (OBN) for velocity information
Cost-efficient, consistent repeatability