Technical Library

As shale gas resources have emerged as a viable energy source, their characterization has gained significance. The organic content in these shales which are measured by their TOC ratings, influence...

In a marine environment, topographic features on the sea floor will usually be covered by a thick layer of shale with the rise of sea level, resulting in a uniform, nearly flat surface. Evaporating...

In RTM imaging, double top salt (DTS) is frequently seen but difficult to remove by conventional post-RTM processing. This paper analyzes the DTS characteristics and demonstrates that the reason for...

A frequency domain tomographic inversion was developed to estimate frequency dependent energy attenuation by using prestack depth migration common image gathers (CIGs). The frequency dependent...

Two methods have recently been published for carrying out nonstationary spectral broadening (and narrowing) of PS data after it has been mapped into the PP time domain. We present a study which...

Broadband seismic aims to provide a greater richness of both (a), robust low frequencies – ideal for deep structure imaging, and (b), high frequencies – which aid temporal resolution. However, the...

Permanent reservoir monitoring (PRM) using seabed arrays of seismic sensors is becoming a well recognised tool for optimizing production and increasing reserves at lower cost and risk through...

A 3D inversion based Least-Squares Reverse Time Migration (LSRTM) technique was developed. The algorithm uses the RTM as the forward modeling and inversion engine to minimize the amplitude...

The technology of using Tilted Transverse Isotropic Reverse Time Migration (TTI RTM) for subsalt velocity model building has been playing an important role in the seismic industry. Since TTI RTM is a...

Seismic curvature attribute analysis forms an integral part of most interpretation projects as they yield useful information that adds value for the interpreters. Being a popular tool, curvature...

In this abstract, we describe how to improve time domain full waveform inversion using source wavelet convolution, windowed back propagation and source side illumination. Instead of estimating the...

We present an imaging methodology that resulted in significant enhancements in defining the subsurface geology in a survey in the Appalachian Foothills. The key technologies used were (a) high...

The data driven 3D true azimuth Common Focusing Point (CFP) data regularization technique is a multi-dimensional data regularization tool. It can be used as a general tool to merge multiple surveys...

We propose a time-domain approach to transform a gather of pre-stack seismic data into an ensemble of highlyresolved traces in the transformed domain. Using a range of various velocity functions in a...

Extensive sequences of flood basalts dominate the northwest European Atlantic margin. The basalt flows absorb and scatter the higher frequencies present in any source wavelet through intrinsic and...

Shot based pre-stack depth migrations such as RTM are used to generate a partial image volume for each input shot gather. The conventional migrated image formed by summing together these partial...

Anelastic properties of the earth cause frequency dependent energy attenuation and phase distortion in seismic wave propagation. It is preferred that these unwanted effects be corrected in a prestack...

Increased industry exploration interest in the Tarakan Basin, offshore East Kalimantan, Indonesia, has stimulated a need for 3D seismic data that incorporates recent advances in imaging and velocity...

5D interpolation methods have proven to be capable of overcoming the constraints of actual data acquisition in a wide range of situations. However, in general the interpolation methods work by making...

Seismic data acquired with an airgun source and recorded on pressure sensors has been the standard for offshore oil and gas exploration for many years. One problem with this type of data is that, for...