Technical Library

Reverse time migration (RTM), being based on the two way wave equation, can accurately account for wave propagation in both up and down directions. As a result, RTM can generate much improved...

Exploration activity is still opening new frontiers, with one of the most recent surveys targeting the Republic of Somaliland, an autonomous region in the Horn of Africa. As in any frontier, working...

Converted-wave (C-wave) splitting estimation and compensation (SEAC) estimates and removes the effects of shear-wave splitting from C-wave data. A locally 1D earth is assumed where a priori rotation...

Azimuthal variation in traveltimes is increasingly being used as a tool for reservoir characterization and fracture detection. One issue in interpreting the results of azimuthal normal moveout (NMO)...

When a company is considering a new frontier area for exploration, a number of crucial questions require a rapid answer. The foremost of these is whether or not there is an active petroleum system....

Multiple reflections of seismic waves off of the seafloor have been keeping processing experts busy for years. To get a clear image of the subsurface, the true or primary seismic reflection must be...

"We have just completed one of the most demanding seismic acquisition programmes we have ever undertaken˝, says Jørn Christiansen, principal advisor to TGS.

It is well understood that accurate salt interpretation is critical to subsalt imaging. When reflections from the saltsediment boundaries are not discernible, it takes many iterations to test various...

Immediately offshore of the Mississippi Delta the geological setting conspires with numerous production installations to produce a unique set of problems that a seismic survey must overcome if it is...

Seismic anisotropy refers to seismic waves traveling with different velocity at different propagation angle, usually in consolidated, shale-prone areas such as in Gulf of Mexico and West Africa....